Fuzzy Logic-Based Control of a Battery Energy Storage System to Mitigate Frequency Excursions in the Cuban Power System Caused by Electric Arc Furnaces

Abstract

This paper proposes an adaptive control for a battery energy storage system (BESS) using a fuzzy logic controller (FLC), specially designed to operate in parallel with an electric arc furnace (EAF) in the Cuban power system. The BESS control system was developed with considerations for the characteristics of the Cuban power system, the typical power demand profile of the EAF, and the battery lifetime. The primary goal is to mitigate the frequency excursions that currently occur during EAF operation, enabling the furnace to complete the smelting process without restrictions. Furthermore, the system aims to reduce battery stress, thereby enhancing their lifetime. For this purpose, the BESS active power is managed by an adaptive compensator, governed by the FLC. Based on information coming from all three components involved - power system frequency, furnace state and battery usage rate, the proposed FLC generates an optimal output to adjust the compensator’s behaviour. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated through simulations and experimental tests. The results demonstrate that using adaptive control applied to BESS can be an effective solution for steelworks connected to weak power systems, such as the current Cuban power system.